Phoenician dictionary
A brief Phoenician dictionary contains 230 of the most used words. Reading Phoenician words from right to left.
The ancient Phoenician alphabet is in a separate table.
You can use the Phoenician keyboard to write Phoenician texts.
You can also try Telegram version of the Phoenician dictionary.
English
meaning |
Phoenician
letter |
Transliteration |
| After |
𐤀𐤇𐤓 |
ʾhr |
| All |
𐤊𐤋 |
kl |
| Altar |
𐤌𐤆𐤁𐤇 |
mzbḥ |
| And |
𐤅 |
w |
| And |
𐤐 |
p |
| Animal |
𐤇𐤉𐤕 |
ḥyt |
| Army |
𐤌𐤇𐤍𐤕 |
mḥnt |
| Arrow |
𐤇𐤑 |
ḥṣ |
| Bad |
𐤓𐤏 |
rʿ |
| Be |
𐤊𐤅𐤍 |
kwn |
| Beard |
𐤆𐤒𐤍 |
zqn |
| Because |
𐤊 |
k |
| Belly |
𐤁𐤈𐤍 |
btn |
| Bird |
𐤏𐤐𐤕 |
ʿpt |
| Bird |
𐤑𐤐𐤓 |
ṣpr |
| Bless |
𐤁𐤓𐤊 |
brk |
| Bone |
𐤏𐤑𐤌 |
ʿṣm |
| Bow |
𐤒𐤔𐤕 |
qšt |
| Boy |
𐤍𐤏𐤓 |
nʿr |
| Bread (for sacrifice) |
𐤇𐤋𐤕 |
ḥlt |
| Bread |
𐤋𐤇𐤌 |
lḥm |
| Break |
𐤃𐤇𐤉 |
dḥy |
| Brother |
𐤀𐤇 |
ʾḥ |
| Burn |
𐤀𐤓𐤉 |
ʾry |
| City |
𐤏𐤓 |
ʿr |
| Come |
𐤀𐤕𐤏 |
ʾtʿ |
| Come |
𐤁𐤀 |
bʾ |
| Come |
𐤉𐤓𐤃 |
yrd |
| Count |
𐤌𐤍𐤉 |
mny |
| Cut (verb) |
𐤍𐤊𐤎 |
nks |
| Darkness (underworld) |
𐤇𐤔𐤊 |
ḥšk |
| Daughter |
𐤁𐤕 |
bt |
| Day |
𐤉𐤌 |
ym |
| Die |
𐤌𐤕 |
mt |
| Die |
𐤎𐤊𐤀 |
skʾ |
| Dig |
𐤊𐤓𐤀 |
krʾ |
| Do |
𐤐𐤏𐤋 |
pʿl |
| Dog |
𐤊𐤋𐤁 |
klb |
| Door |
𐤃𐤋 |
dl |
| Dry (drying shed) |
𐤇𐤓𐤁 |
ḥrb |
| Earth |
𐤀𐤓𐤑 |
ʾrṣ |
| Eat |
𐤀𐤊𐤋 |
ʾkl |
| Eight |
𐤔𐤌𐤍 |
šmn |
| Eternity (tomb, eternity) |
𐤏𐤋𐤌 |
ʿlm |
| Fall (fallen adj.) |
𐤍𐤐𐤋 |
npl |
| Fat (grease) |
𐤇𐤋𐤁 |
ḥlb |
| Fat |
𐤕𐤁𐤓𐤕 |
tbrt |
| Father |
𐤀𐤁 |
ʾb |
| Fear (verb) |
𐤔𐤕𐤏 |
štʿ |
| Field |
𐤔𐤁𐤉 |
šdy |
| Fire |
𐤀𐤓𐤉 |
ʾry |
| Fire |
𐤀𐤔 |
ʾš |
| Five |
𐤇𐤌𐤔 |
ḥmš |
| Foot |
𐤐𐤏𐤌 |
pʿm |
| Four |
𐤀𐤓𐤁𐤏 |
ʾrbʿ |
| Freeze |
𐤒𐤓𐤔 |
qrš |
| Fruit |
𐤐𐤓 |
Pr |
| Gather |
𐤀𐤔𐤐 |
ʾšp |
| Gather |
𐤀𐤓𐤉 |
ʾry |
| Give |
𐤉𐤕𐤍 |
ytn |
| Give |
𐤍𐤕𐤍 |
ntn |
| God |
𐤀𐤋 |
ʾl |
| Goddess |
𐤀𐤋𐤕 |
ʾlt |
| Gold |
𐤇𐤓𐤑 |
ḥrṣ |
| Good |
𐤍𐤏𐤌 |
nʿm |
| Grass |
𐤌𐤇𐤑𐤓𐤕 |
mḥṣrt |
| Guard (verb) |
𐤍𐤑𐤓 |
nṣr |
| Guard |
𐤔𐤌𐤓 |
šmr |
| Hand |
𐤉𐤃 |
yd |
| He |
𐤄𐤀 |
hʾ |
| Head |
𐤓𐤀𐤔 |
rʾš |
| Hear |
𐤔𐤌𐤏 |
šmʿ |
| Heart |
𐤋𐤁 |
lb |
| Heavy (weigher) |
𐤔𐤒𐤋 |
šql |
| Here |
𐤇𐤍𐤊 |
hnk |
| Here |
𐤊𐤀 |
kʾ |
| Hit |
𐤄𐤋𐤌 |
hlm |
| Hold (take) |
𐤋𐤒𐤇 |
lqḥ |
| Hold |
𐤑𐤁𐤕 |
ṣbt |
| Honey |
𐤍𐤐𐤕 |
npt |
| Horn |
𐤒𐤓𐤍 |
qrn |
| Horse |
𐤎𐤎 |
ss |
| House |
𐤁𐤕 |
bt |
| Husband (master, citizen) |
𐤁𐤏𐤋 |
bʿl |
| I |
𐤀𐤍𐤊 |
ʾnk |
| If |
𐤀𐤋 |
ʾl |
| If |
𐤀𐤌 |
ʾm |
| In |
𐤁 |
b |
| Island |
𐤀𐤉 |
ʾy |
| King |
𐤌𐤋𐤊 |
mlk |
| Know |
𐤉𐤃𐤏 |
ydʿ |
| Lamb |
𐤀𐤌𐤓 |
ʾmr |
| Lie (recline) |
𐤔𐤊𐤁 |
škb |
| Live |
𐤇𐤅𐤉 |
ḥwy |
| Long |
𐤀𐤓𐤊 |
ʾrk |
| Long |
𐤌𐤎𐤓𐤅𐤏 |
msrwʿ |
| Man (male) |
𐤀𐤃𐤌 |
ʾdm |
| Man |
𐤀𐤔 |
ʾš |
| Man |
𐤂𐤁𐤓 |
gbr |
| Many |
𐤔𐤂𐤉 |
šgy |
| Many |
𐤓𐤁 |
rb |
| Master |
𐤀𐤃𐤍 |
ʾdn |
| Meat (flesh) |
𐤁𐤔𐤓 |
bšr |
| Meat |
𐤔𐤀𐤓 |
šʾr |
| Milk |
𐤇𐤋𐤁 |
ḥlb |
| Moon |
𐤉𐤓𐤇 |
yrḥ |
| Mother |
𐤀𐤌 |
ʾm |
| Mountain |
𐤄𐤓 |
hr |
| Mouth |
𐤐 |
p |
| Name |
𐤔𐤌 |
šm |
| Near |
𐤂𐤅 |
gw |
| Near (midst) |
𐤌𐤕𐤊𐤕 |
mtkt |
| Near (midst) |
𐤕𐤊𐤕 |
tkt |
| New |
𐤄𐤃𐤇 |
hdš |
| Night |
𐤋𐤋 |
ll |
| Nine |
𐤕𐤔𐤏 |
tšʿ |
| Not |
𐤀𐤉 |
ʾy |
| Not |
𐤀𐤋 |
ʾl |
| Not |
𐤁𐤋 |
bl |
| Olive |
𐤆𐤉𐤕 |
zyt |
| One |
𐤀𐤇𐤃 |
ʾḥd |
| One |
𐤀𐤇𐤕 |
ʾḥt |
| Open |
𐤐𐤑𐤀 |
pṣʾ |
| Open |
𐤐𐤕𐤇 |
ptḥ |
| Orphan |
𐤉𐤕𐤌 |
ytm |
| Ox |
𐤀𐤋𐤐 |
ʾlp |
| Palace |
𐤄𐤊𐤋 |
hkl |
| Pasture |
𐤊𐤓 |
kr |
| People |
𐤍𐤐𐤔 |
npš |
| Poor |
𐤃𐤋 |
dl |
| Pour |
𐤍𐤎𐤊 |
nsk |
| Priest |
𐤊𐤄𐤍 |
khn |
| Priest |
𐤊𐤌𐤓 |
kmr |
| Pure |
𐤆𐤊𐤀 |
zkʾ |
| Put (set up) |
𐤔𐤌 |
šm |
| Put |
𐤔𐤕 |
št |
| Queen |
𐤌𐤋𐤊𐤕 |
mlkt |
| Ram |
𐤉𐤁𐤋 |
ybl |
| Right (correct) |
𐤑𐤃𐤒 |
ṣdq |
| Road |
𐤃𐤓𐤊 |
drk |
| Road |
𐤇𐤑 |
ḥṣ |
| Road |
𐤍𐤀𐤋𐤊 |
nʾlk |
| Robe (linen) |
𐤊𐤕𐤍 |
ktn |
| Roof |
𐤂𐤂 |
gg |
| Roof |
𐤌𐤎𐤐𐤍𐤕 |
mspnt |
| Root |
𐤔𐤓𐤔 |
šrš |
| Sacrifice (verb) |
𐤒𐤓𐤁 |
qrb |
| Salt |
𐤌𐤋𐤇 |
mlḥ |
| Say |
𐤀𐤌𐤓 |
ʾmr |
| Say (seer) |
𐤎𐤐𐤀 |
spʾ |
| Sea |
𐤉𐤌 |
ym |
| See |
𐤇𐤆𐤉 |
ḥzy |
| Seed (offspring) |
𐤆𐤓𐤏 |
zrʿ |
| Seed |
𐤑𐤌𐤇 |
ṣmḥ |
| Seek |
𐤁𐤒𐤔 |
bqš |
| Seek |
𐤔𐤏𐤉 |
šʿy |
| Send |
𐤔𐤋𐤍 |
šlh |
| Servant |
𐤏𐤁𐤃 |
ʿbd |
| Seven |
𐤔𐤁𐤏 |
šbʿ |
| Shield |
𐤌𐤂𐤍 |
mgn |
| Silver |
𐤊𐤎𐤐 |
ksp |
| Sing |
𐤔𐤓 |
šr |
| Sister |
𐤀𐤇𐤕 |
ʾḥt |
| Sit |
𐤉𐤔𐤁 |
yšb |
| Six |
𐤔𐤔 |
ss |
| Skin |
𐤏𐤓 |
ʿr |
| Sky |
𐤔𐤌𐤌 |
šmm |
| Sleep |
𐤔𐤕 |
št |
| Small |
𐤒𐤈𐤍 |
qṭn |
| Son |
𐤁𐤍 |
bn |
| Son |
𐤁𐤓 |
br |
| Stab (pierce) |
𐤇𐤋𐤋 |
ḥll |
| Star |
𐤊𐤊𐤁 |
kkb |
| Stick (stalk) |
𐤒𐤍𐤀 |
qnʾ |
| Stone |
𐤀𐤁𐤍 |
ʾbn |
| Straight (upright) |
𐤉𐤔𐤓 |
yšr |
| Strong |
𐤏𐤆 |
ʿz |
| Sun |
𐤑𐤌𐤑 |
šmš |
| Temple |
𐤌𐤏𐤅𐤍 |
mʿwn |
| Ten |
𐤏𐤎𐤓 |
ʿsr |
| Ten |
𐤏𐤔𐤓𐤕 |
ʿšrt |
| Tent |
𐤀𐤄𐤋 |
ʾhl |
| There |
𐤔𐤌 |
šm |
| They |
𐤄𐤌𐤕 |
hmt |
| Thin |
𐤃𐤒𐤒 |
dqq |
| Thing |
𐤃𐤁𐤓 |
dbr |
| Think |
𐤄𐤔𐤁 |
hšb |
| This |
𐤀𐤔 |
ʾš |
| This |
𐤆 |
z |
| This |
𐤆𐤍 |
zn |
| Three |
𐤔𐤋𐤔 |
šlš |
| Throne |
𐤊𐤎𐤀 |
ksʾ |
| Tie |
𐤀𐤂𐤃 |
ʾgd |
| Tie |
𐤀𐤎𐤓 |
ʾsr |
| To |
𐤋 |
l |
| To |
𐤀𐤕 |
ʾt |
| Tree (wood) |
𐤏𐤑 |
ʿṣ |
| Tunic (linen) |
𐤊𐤕𐤍 |
ktn |
| Two |
𐤔𐤍𐤌 |
šnm |
| Valley |
𐤏𐤌𐤒 |
cmq |
| Voice |
𐤒𐤋 |
ql |
| Walk |
𐤄𐤋𐤊 |
hlk |
| Wall |
𐤇𐤂𐤓 |
ḥgr |
| Wall |
𐤇𐤑 |
ḥṣ |
| Wall |
𐤒𐤓 |
qr |
| Wall |
𐤔𐤌𐤓𐤕 |
šmrt |
| Want |
𐤌𐤇𐤎𐤓 |
mḥsr |
| Wash |
𐤊𐤁𐤎 |
kbs |
| We |
𐤀𐤍𐤇𐤍 |
ʾnḥn |
| What |
𐤌𐤀 |
mʾ |
| When |
𐤊𐤌 |
km |
| White |
𐤋𐤁𐤍 |
lbn |
| Who |
𐤌𐤉 |
my |
| Wide (widen) |
𐤓𐤇𐤁 |
rḥb |
| Widow |
𐤀𐤋𐤌𐤕 |
ʾlmt |
| Wife |
𐤀𐤔𐤕 |
ʾšt |
| Wind (wind, spirit) |
𐤓𐤇 |
rḥ |
| Window |
𐤌𐤇𐤆𐤕 |
mḥzt |
| Wine |
𐤇𐤌𐤓 |
ḥmr |
| Wine |
𐤕𐤓𐤔 |
trš |
| Wisdom |
𐤇𐤊𐤌𐤕 |
ḥkmt |
| With |
𐤀𐤃𐤋𐤍 |
ʾdln |
| With |
𐤀𐤕 |
ʾt |
| Wood |
𐤉𐤏𐤓 |
yʿr |
| Wood |
𐤏𐤑 |
ʿṣ |
| Word |
𐤃𐤁𐤓 |
dbr |
| Word |
𐤌𐤋 |
ml |
| Year |
𐤔𐤕 |
št |
| You (pl.) |
𐤀𐤍𐤇𐤍 |
ʾnḥn |
| You (sg.) |
𐤀𐤕 |
ʾt |
The inscription on the sarcophagus of Tabnith, king of Sidon (end of the 4th
century BC). (Source: I.Sh. Shifman. Phoenician language)
𐤀𐤍𐤊 𐤕𐤁𐤍𐤕 𐤊𐤄𐤍 𐤏𐤔𐤕𐤓𐤕 𐤌𐤋𐤊 𐤑𐤃𐤍𐤌 𐤁𐤍
𐤀𐤔𐤌𐤍𐤏𐤆𐤓 𐤊𐤄𐤍 𐤏𐤎𐤕𐤓𐤕 𐤌𐤋𐤊 𐤑𐤃𐤍𐤌 𐤔𐤊𐤁 𐤁𐤀𐤓𐤍
𐤆 𐤌𐤉 𐤀𐤕 𐤊𐤋 𐤀𐤃𐤌 𐤀𐤔 𐤕𐤐𐤊 𐤀𐤉𐤕 𐤄𐤀𐤓𐤍 𐤆 𐤀𐤋 𐤀𐤋 𐤕
𐤐𐤕𐤄 𐤏𐤋𐤕𐤉 𐤔𐤀𐤋 𐤕𐤓𐤂𐤆𐤍 𐤊𐤀𐤉 𐤀𐤃𐤋𐤍 𐤊𐤎𐤐 𐤀𐤉 𐤀𐤃𐤋𐤍
𐤇𐤓𐤑 𐤅𐤊𐤋 𐤌𐤍𐤌 𐤌𐤔𐤃 𐤁𐤋𐤕 𐤀𐤍𐤊 𐤔𐤊𐤁 𐤁𐤀𐤓𐤍 𐤆 𐤀𐤋 𐤀𐤋 𐤕𐤐𐤕
𐤇 𐤏𐤋𐤕𐤉 𐤅𐤀𐤋 𐤕𐤓𐤂𐤆𐤍 𐤊𐤕𐤏𐤁𐤕 𐤏𐤔𐤕𐤓𐤕 𐤄𐤃𐤁𐤓 𐤄𐤀 𐤅𐤀𐤌 𐤐𐤕
𐤇 𐤕𐤐𐤕𐤄 𐤀𐤋𐤕𐤉 𐤅𐤓𐤂𐤆 𐤕𐤓𐤂𐤆𐤍 𐤀𐤋 𐤉𐤊𐤍 𐤋𐤊 𐤆𐤓𐤏 𐤁𐤇𐤉𐤌 𐤕𐤇𐤕 𐤔𐤌
𐤔 𐤅𐤌𐤔𐤊𐤁 𐤀𐤕 𐤓𐤐𐤀𐤌
Transliteration
’nk tbnt khn ‛štrt mlk
ṣdnm bn
’šmn‛zr khn ‛strt mlk ṣdnm škb b’rn
z mi ’t kl
’dm ’š tpk ’it h’rn z ’l ’l t
ptḥ ‛lti w’l trgzn k’i ’dln ksp ’i ’dln
ḥrṣ wkl mnm mšd blt ’nk škb b’rn z ’l ’l tpt
ḥ ‛lti w’l trgzn kt‛bt ‛štrt hdbr h’ w’m pt
ḥ tpth ’lti wrgz trgzn ’l i[k]n l[k] zr‛ bḥim tḥt šm
š wmškb ’t rp’m
Reconstruction (performed by V. Valevsky)
Anki Tabnit kohan, Ashtarot malek sidonim,
ben Ashmunazar kohan, Ashtarot malek sidonim,
shkob be aron ze mi at kol adam,
ash tapeq ait hi aron ze.
Lo al at petah alti we al targozani,
ki ai adlani kesep ai adlani hares
we kol monma mashod bilat.
Anki shkob be aron ze lo al at petah alti
we al targozani ki tabet Ashtarot ha daber hu,
we am petah at petah alti we ragoz targozani,
al i kan lek zraa be him tahet shemesh
we mushkob at ropaim!
Translation (I.Sh. Shifman)
I, Tabnit, priest of Astarte, king of the Sidonians, son of Eshmunazar, priest
of Astarte, king of the Sidonians, rest in this sarcophagus. Whoever you are,
any person who will carry this sarcophagus, don’t open, don’t open above me and
don’t bother me, for there is no silver with me, no gold with me and no matter
what ... Only I rest in the sarcophagus of this. Do not open, do not open above
me, and do not disturb me, for the insult of Astarte is an act. And if the
opening opens over me and bothers me with anxiety, then let there be no seed
among you living under the sun and a place of tranquility along with the
inhabitants of the underworld.
Translation (poetic translation by V. Valevski)
I am Tabnit, priest of Astarte and king of the Sidonians,
Ashmunazar son, priest and king!
Resting in a coffin. Whatever your dignity is,
Do not open a coffin chest over me!
Don't bother me blowing my coffin!
There is no gold or silver with me here!
Do not open, for in malice from malice
You are offending Astarte for a bonfire!
In this deathbed I rest alone.
If you open and rebel my peace,
Does not recognize offspring under the sun your house
And restless soul to be between the heavenly valleys!
The used dictionary of the Phoenician language (according to Shifman) is a
phonetic reconstruction of V. Valevsky:
anki - I
ata - you (for man)
at - you (for woman)
at - sign
at - with, among
al - not
am - here
am (em, im) - if
ai - no, missing, not available
aron - coffin, sarcophagus
adam - human
adli - with, together with
adlani - with me
al - over, on
alti - above me
al targozani - don't bother me
ash (asher) - which
ash - man
Ashtarot - Astarte (name of the goddess of love)
Ashmunazar - Ashmunazar (proper name)
be - in
ben - son
bilat - only
daber - speak
daber - 1) word; 2) deed
hu - 1) he; 2) this
hi - 1) she; 2) this
ha - indefinite article
hi - live, plural him
kohan - priest
kol - 1) all; 2) everyone
kan - be
ki - what to do
l - indicator of the direction of action
lo - no
malek - Tsar, King, Prince
mashod - more
mi - who
ma - what
monma - anything
ota - you
petah - open
rop (plural ropaim) - inhabitant of the Paradise valley
Sidon - Sidon
sidoni (plural sidonim) - Sidonian
shkob - rest
shemesh - the sun
tabet - sin, an insult
Tabnit - Tabnit (proper name)
tahet - under
tapeq - take away, take out
ze - 1) this; 2) which
zot - this
zraa - seed, offspring |
